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Creators/Authors contains: "Yu, Xinlei"

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  1. We present CrazyJoystick, a flyable handheld joystick allowing seamless interaction methods to change between joystick and hand-tracking while displaying on-demand haptic feedback in extended reality (XR). Our system comprises a quadrotor that can autonomously approach the user when needed, addressing the limitations of conventional handheld and wearable devices that require continuous carrying throughout interactions. CrazyJoystick dynamically reallocates all thrust for haptic rendering during stationary states, eliminating the need to hover while delivering feedback. A customized cage allows users to grasp the device and interact with virtual objects, receiving 3.5 degree-of-freedom feedback. This novel transition method allows us to harvest the aerial mobility from multi-rotor based haptic devices, while having high force-to-weight ratios from being handheld during interaction. This paper describes the design and implementation of CrazyJoystick, evaluates its force and torque performance, and usability of the system in three VR applications. Our evaluation of torque rendering found that users can perceive the direction with an accuracy of 92.2%. User studies further indicated that the system significantly improves presence in VR environments. Participants found on-demand haptic feedback intuitive and enjoyable, emphasizing the potential of CrazyJoystick to redefine immersive interactions in XR through portable and adaptive feedback mechanisms. 
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available July 8, 2026